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5 comments:
1.The geography affect of the history of china and india.First in china i believe it has something to do isolation,they had huge mountains range cutting them off from europe, the greatest powers at the time and this seperation from the rest of the world led to believe they superior than everyone else, they cut themeselves of completely until europoen powers challenged them, won and set up the open door policy, thius created spheresof influence in china for several different countries, chin a at this point was very behind in modernization because they had isolated themeselves for so long, so they were very weak to resistence.
In india the geography affect in history i think they cause to have different temperatures throught out the hot air and cause many floods making it harder to move around.for me the geography affect the history of china and india you can learn some knowledge about his topic.
2 Ang sistemang caste ay ang pinakapopular na turo ng hinduIsm sa india.Ito rin ay isang paguuri ng tao sa lipunan.
Caste system is a social stratification and social restriction in the india subcontinent, the caste system in hinduism was also observed among followers of other religions in india subcontinent.For me the affect of lives of the people in india is not bad because thi is the religion that uses of caste system.
3.Confucianism is a chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teaching of Confucius.Confucianism is a complex system osfd moral, political,social and philosophical
While the Taoism refers to a variety of related philosophical and religious tradition and concepts.
Arcaina, Camille l.
ABH I-1
World History
Prof. Anna Rose Fueconcillo
Questions:
1. How did the geography affect the history of China and India?
2. What is the Caste system? How did it affect the lives of the people in India?
3. Differentiate Confucianism from Taoism
1. China- Chinese civilization arose and developed in a vast area, one-third larger
than the United States if such dependencies as Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, and
Tibet are included. For centuries China was almost completely isolated from
the other centers of civilization by mountains, deserts, and seas. This
isolation helps explain the great originality of China's culture.
China proper is a vast watershed drained by three river systems that rise
close together on the high Tibetan plateau and flow eastward to the Pacific.
Three mountain systems also rise in the west, diminishing in altitude as they
slope eastward between the river systems. The Yellow River (Huang Ho),
traditionally known as "China's Sorrow" because of the misery caused by its
periodic flooding, traverses the North China plain. In this area, the original
homeland of Chinese culture, the climate is like that of western Europe. The
Yangtze River and its valley forms the second river system. South of this
valley lie the subtropical lands of South China, the home of ancient cultures
that were destroyed or transformed by Chinese expansion from the north. Here
the shorter rivers and valleys converging on present-day Canton formed the
third major river system.
This pattern of mountain ranges and river systems has, throughout China's
history, created problems of political unity. At the same time, the great
river valleys facilitated the spread of a homogeneous culture over a greater
land area than any other civilization in the world.
India -The Indus valley civilization saw its genesis in the holy land now known as India around 2500 BC. The people inhabiting the Indus River valley were thought to be Dravidians, whose descendants later migrated to the south of India. The deterioration of this civilization that developed a culture based on commerce and sustained by agricultural trade can be attributed to ecological changes. The second millennium BC was witness to the migration of the bucolic Aryan tribes from the North West frontier into the sub continent. These tribes gradually merged with their antecedent cultures to give birth to a new milieu.
The Aryan tribes soon started penetrating the east, thriving along the Ganga and Yamuna Rivers. By 500 BC, the whole of northern India was a civilized land where people had knowledge of iron implements and worked as labor, voluntarily or otherwise. The early political map of India comprised of copious independent states with fluid boundaries, with increasing population and abundance of wealth fueling disputes over these boundaries. Unified under the famous Gupta Dynasty, the north of India touched the skies as far as administration and the Hindu religion were concerned. Little wonder then, that it is considered to be India’s golden age. By 600 BC, approximately sixteen dynasties ruled the north Indian plains spanning the modern day Afghanistan to Bangladesh. Some of the most powerful of them were the dynasties ruling the kingdoms of Magadha, Kosla, Kuru and Gandhara. Known to be the land of epics and legends, two of the world’s greatest epics find their birth in Indian settings - the Ramayana, depicting the exploits of lord Ram, and the Mahabharta detailing the war between Kauravas and Pandavas, both descendants of King Bharat. Ramayana traces lord Ram’s journey from exile to the rescue of his wife Sita from the demonic clutches of Ravana with the help of his simian companions. Singing the virtues of Dharma(duty), the Gita, one of the most priced scriptures in Indian Mythology, is the advice given by Shri Krishna to the grief laden Arjun, who is terrified at the thought of killing his kin, on the battle ground.
Mahatma Gandhi revived these virtues again, breathing new life in them, during India’s freedom struggle against British Colonialism. An ardent believer in communal harmony, he dreamt of a land where all religions would be the threads to form a rich social fabric.
2. The caste system in India divides the people of India into four groups of people. With the Brahmins which are composed of priests, teachers and scholars, as the highest of all four, followed by the Kshatriyas or the kings and warriors, they are then followed by tha Vaishyas and Sudras which consist of traders and agriculturists and service providers and artisans, and the lowest of all, the “untouchables” being the undesirables. It still effects the daily life of India as the rich people are all apart of the higher caste system, while the undesirables are the poor people who live in the slums. They have no hope of getting out of this caste because, Hinduism teaches reincarnation which really simply is what goes around comes around - in this life or the next, so if you were born into a low caste system, it has something to do with the fact that in your previous life you were not a very good person. This also gives the people from the higher caste system a good reason to ignore and not take care of the poor in their societies, because they see poverty as some sort of justice for mistakes made in past lives.
3. Confucianism is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. ("Master Kung", 551–479 BCE). It focuses on human principles and right action. Confucianism is a complex system of moral, social, political, philosophical, and quasi-religious thought that has had remarkable influence on the culture and history of East Asia. It might be considered a state religion of some East Asian countries, because of governmental promotion of Confucian values.Cultures and countries strongly influenced by Confucianism include China (including Taiwan), Japan, Korea, Singapore and Vietnam, as well as various territories settled predominantly by Chinese people.The basic teachings of Confucianism stress the importance of education for moral development of the individual so that the state can be governed by moral virtue rather than by the use of coercive laws. Confucianism is not a religion in the customary sense. It has neither priesthood nor any simple order. It existed in China long before the time of Confucius. In one of his recorded sayings he speaks of himself as a ‘transmitter’ and not a ‘maker’ or ‘originator’. He did not give a new religion to the world or a new ethical code. What he gave to the world was only a powerful restatement of the fundamental principles of human morality or ethics. He issued a new and improved edition of the old one. The moral code he framed was most admirable. It contained grand ethical truths. While, Taoism is a religion which was established by Lao Tse (604-531 BCE) , a Chinese Philosopher.Tao translated into English as path, or the way. It is basically indefinable. It has to be experienced. It "refers to a power which envelops, surrounds and flows through all things, living and non-living.
The Tao regulates natural processes and nourishes balance in the Universe. It embodies the harmony of opposites
(Taoism started as a combination of psychology and philosophy but evolved into a religious faith in 440 CE when it was adopted as a state religion. At that time Lao-Tse became popularly venerated as a deity. Taoism, along with Buddhism and Confucianism, became one of the three great religions of China. With the end of the Ch'ing Dynasty in 1911, state support for Taoism ended. Much of the Taoist heritage was destroyed during the next period of warlordism. After the Communist victory in 1949, religious freedom was severely restricted. " Taoism currently has about 20 million followers, and is primarily centered in Taiwan. About 30,000 Taoists live in North America; 1,720 in Canada (1991 census). Taoism has had a significant impact on North American culture in areas of "acupuncture, herbalism, holistic medicine, meditation and martial arts..."
Weliam G. Molabola ABH1-1
1. How did Geography affect the history of China and India?
Malaki ang naging apekto ng Geography sa kasaysayan ng China at ng India. Unahin natin ang China; Dahil sa laki ng sakop ng ng lupain ng China, nagkaroon ito ng iba’t ibang klima na naging dahilan ng pagkakaiba ng uri at paraan ng pamumuhay ng mga tao. Sa parting Hilaga ng China lalong lalo na sag awing dakong-hilaga ng ilog Huang ho, ang mga tsino ay napag alamang nag aalaga ng mga hayop at sila’y palipat lipat ng tirahan. Naninirahan din sila sa mga lugar na madamo at sa malalamig na burol kasama ang mga alaga nilang mga hayop. Tropikal naman ang klima sa parting Timog ng China. Napag alaman ding nag tanim sila ditto ng mga tropical na prutas at ang pinaka mahalagang produkto nila dito ay ang Tsaa. Sa parte naman ng India, napag alaman natin ang mga ambag nila sa kabihasnan ng daigdig. Isa na ditto ang relihiyon na Hinduismo na sinasabing pinaka matandang relihiyon sa mundo at ang Buddismo.
2. What is the Caste System? How did it affect the lives of the people in India?
Sistemang Caste
Uri ng pagpapangkat-pangkat sa lipunan na nag simula nang paghiwalayin ang mga mananakop na Indo-Aryan sa mga dintnang Dravidian hanggang sa naging sistemang panlipunan.
Brahmin- pinakamataas na pangkat at gumaganap ng mga gawain ng pari.
Kshatriya- ikalawang pangkat at namamahala sa gobyerno at pakikipagdigma.
Vaisya – ikagtlong pangkat na binubuo ng mga mangangalakal at magsasaka.
Sudra – pinaka mababang pangkat na nagbibigay ng paglilikod.
Untouchable – tinatawag na sakit ng lipunan. Mas mababa pa kaysa sa Surdra.
Malaki ang naging epekto nito sa mga tao dito sa pagkat dahil dito, nagkaroon ng diskriminasyon lalong lalo na sa mga taong nasa mababang uri o pangkat. Halimbawa nalang sa parte ng Untouchable, wala silang karapatan sa kahit anong bagay lalong lalo na sa kanilang pagangat sa buhay. Sapagkat sa kanila, kung ipinanganak kang Untouchable, mamamatay ka ring untouchable. Hindi din sila pinayagang makipag usap sa mag taong nasa mataas na uri o pangkat. Ang sistemang ito ay naging kojntrobersyal na kaso at at unti unti na itong binabago sa kasalukuyan.
3. Differentiate Confucianism and Taoism
Ang Confucianism ay ang pamamalakad ng tao sa halip na batas. Ang pagpapanatili ng kapayapaan at maayos na relasyon ay higit na mahalaga kaysa sa konsepto ng labis na pagpapairal na karapatang pantao. Pinahahalagahan ng Confucianism ang pamilya bilang tagapag hubog ng moralidad. Inihahalintulad ang pamilya sa isang paaralan kung saan natutuhan ng bata ang mga responsibilidad at pribiulehiyo na mararanasan sa labas ng tahanan. Samantalang ang Taoism, naniniwala ang isang Taoist na pinakamahalagang mamuhay sa natural na pamamaraan. Ang tao ay dapat umayon sa kalikasan. Ang mga paghihirap, pagdurusa, sakit at problema ng tao ay resulta ng hindi pagsunod sa paraan ng kalikasan.
Weliam G. Molabola ABH1-1
1. How did Geography affect the history of China and India?
Malaki ang naging apekto ng Geography sa kasaysayan ng China at ng India. Unahin natin ang China; Dahil sa laki ng sakop ng ng lupain ng China, nagkaroon ito ng iba’t ibang klima na naging dahilan ng pagkakaiba ng uri at paraan ng pamumuhay ng mga tao. Sa parting Hilaga ng China lalong lalo na sag awing dakong-hilaga ng ilog Huang ho, ang mga tsino ay napag alamang nag aalaga ng mga hayop at sila’y palipat lipat ng tirahan. Naninirahan din sila sa mga lugar na madamo at sa malalamig na burol kasama ang mga alaga nilang mga hayop. Tropikal naman ang klima sa parting Timog ng China. Napag alaman ding nag tanim sila ditto ng mga tropical na prutas at ang pinaka mahalagang produkto nila dito ay ang Tsaa. Sa parte naman ng India, napag alaman natin ang mga ambag nila sa kabihasnan ng daigdig. Isa na ditto ang relihiyon na Hinduismo na sinasabing pinaka matandang relihiyon sa mundo at ang Buddismo.
2. What is the Caste System? How did it affect the lives of the people in India?
Sistemang Caste
Uri ng pagpapangkat-pangkat sa lipunan na nag simula nang paghiwalayin ang mga mananakop na Indo-Aryan sa mga dintnang Dravidian hanggang sa naging sistemang panlipunan.
Brahmin- pinakamataas na pangkat at gumaganap ng mga gawain ng pari.
Kshatriya- ikalawang pangkat at namamahala sa gobyerno at pakikipagdigma.
Vaisya – ikagtlong pangkat na binubuo ng mga mangangalakal at magsasaka.
Sudra – pinaka mababang pangkat na nagbibigay ng paglilikod.
Untouchable – tinatawag na sakit ng lipunan. Mas mababa pa kaysa sa Surdra.
Malaki ang naging epekto nito sa mga tao dito sa pagkat dahil dito, nagkaroon ng diskriminasyon lalong lalo na sa mga taong nasa mababang uri o pangkat. Halimbawa nalang sa parte ng Untouchable, wala silang karapatan sa kahit anong bagay lalong lalo na sa kanilang pagangat sa buhay. Sapagkat sa kanila, kung ipinanganak kang Untouchable, mamamatay ka ring untouchable. Hindi din sila pinayagang makipag usap sa mag taong nasa mataas na uri o pangkat. Ang sistemang ito ay naging kojntrobersyal na kaso at at unti unti na itong binabago sa kasalukuyan.
3. Differentiate Confucianism and Taoism
Ang Confucianism ay ang pamamalakad ng tao sa halip na batas. Ang pagpapanatili ng kapayapaan at maayos na relasyon ay higit na mahalaga kaysa sa konsepto ng labis na pagpapairal na karapatang pantao. Pinahahalagahan ng Confucianism ang pamilya bilang tagapag hubog ng moralidad. Inihahalintulad ang pamilya sa isang paaralan kung saan natutuhan ng bata ang mga responsibilidad at pribiulehiyo na mararanasan sa labas ng tahanan. Samantalang ang Taoism, naniniwala ang isang Taoist na pinakamahalagang mamuhay sa natural na pamamaraan. Ang tao ay dapat umayon sa kalikasan. Ang mga paghihirap, pagdurusa, sakit at problema ng tao ay resulta ng hindi pagsunod sa paraan ng kalikasan.
Jerome Permejo
Abh I-1
World History
1. Malaki ang kinalaman ng Heograpiya sa kasaysayan ng isang bansa. Ang lawak, distribusyon, ang ibat-ibang bagay na matatagpuan sa espisipikong lugar at iba pang aspeto na may kinalaman sa nabanggit ay nakaaapekto ng malaki sa pagsisismula ng buhay at kasaysayan. Isang magandang halimbawa ang Tsina, na kung mapupuna ng marami ay siguradong mamamangha sa laki ng populasyon. Msasabing may kinalaman ang heograpiya tungkol dito. Maging ang ibat-ibang kaganapan sa huli ay epekto pa ring ng heograpiya. Sa baybayin ng malalaking ilog umusbong ang ibat-ibang imperyo na na nag-ambag ng malaki sa kasaysayan hindi lang ng kanilang bansa pati na rin sa mundo. Nagsilbing proteksyon din ang mga ilog Yngtze at Huang Ho sa bansang Tsina maging ang mga bundok upang mapanatili ang kanilang kultura mula sa pag-tatangka ng mga karatig bansa na pag-sakop. Ang pag pag-usbong ng ibat-ibang nagpapatingkarang imperyo sa ibat-ibang panig ng malawak na bansa ay siyang naging dahilan ng hindi pag-kakabuklod ng mga tao noong matagal na panahon sa Tsina. Ang India ay hindi nalalayo sa sinapit na kasaysayan dahilan din sa heograpiya nito. MAtatagpuan ang ilan sa mga matataas na bundok na kumalinga sa nasabing bansa. MAy kainitan din ang klima sa India. Ang malalaking ilog tulad ng Ganges, Indus Brahmaputra maliban sa nagsilbing hati at proteksyon, ay pinagsimulan din ng kasaysayan.
2.Nagpahirap sa kalagayan ng buhay ng mga tao sa India ang sistemang Caste. Ito ang malaking salamin na nagpapakita ng diskriminasyon sa kulay. Ang mga mapuputi ay natatangi at sinasabing nasa mataas na uri, samantalang ang hindi naman ay nabibilang sa mababang uri. Ang mga maiitim ay hindi na nabigyan ng karapatan dahil ang mga tulad nila ay wala ng pag-asang umangat sa lipunan. MAging ang pag-lapit nila sa hindi nila kauri ay isang malaking kasalanan. Sinumang magkamaling umibig at piniling sumama sa mababang uri, mataas mang lahi ang pinag-mulan ay mabibilang sa mga kaawa-awang grupo sa lipunan.
3. Sa bansang puno ng kaguluhan at mas pinahirap ng sistemang umiikot, tanging relihiyon ang inaasahang makapagsasalba at makakapitan ng mga tao. Ang Confucianism na itinatag ni Confucius, isang pilosopo mula sa Tsina ay nakapagpabago ng buhay ng marami. Naging basihan pa nga ng pamamahala ang nasabing relihiyon sa ibang lugar sa asya. Nakasentro ang Confucianism sa tao maging sa moralidad, kung kayat hindi na nakapagtatakang, marami ang naniwala dito. KAilangang mabuo ng maayos ang moralidad ng isang tao sapagkat tao ang namamahala at ng upang moral na din ang maging basihan sa pamamahala. Pinasimulan naman ni Lao Tze ang Taoism na nagsasa-alang alang sa kalikasan. Isang pamamaraan kung saan sangkot ang paligid, naniniwalang may negatibo at pasitibong enerhiya na nag-babalanse sa daigdig. Sinasabing susi sa maayos na pamumuhay ang Taoism. Iba man ng kaanyuan ang dalawang relihiyong nabanggit, pareho naman itong tumulong sa mga tao noong panahong silay nahihirapan maging sa ngayon.
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